As described on the US Department of Education website: “Title I, Part A (Title I) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, as amended by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESEA) provides financial assistance to local educational agencies (LEAs) and schools with high numbers or high percentages of children from low-income families to help ensure that all children meet challenging state academic standards.”
Title I provides additional funding to schools with higher percentages of economically-disadvantaged students in order to help them meet academic equity with their peers.